食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 14: 122 - 130

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.042516

研究报告

传统牦牛发酵乳中产细菌素菌株的筛选鉴定及细菌素特性

  • 刘丰铭 ,
  • 陶生俭 ,
  • 梁琪 ,
  • 范萍 ,
  • 陈湑慧 ,
  • 赵保堂
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  • 1(甘肃农业大学 食品科学与工程学院,甘肃 兰州,730070)
    2(甘肃省功能乳品实验室,甘肃 兰州,730070)
    3(兰州庄园乳业有限公司,甘肃 兰州,730020)
第一作者: 硕士研究生(梁琪教授为通信作者,E-mail:liangqi@gsau.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-02-25

  修回日期: 2025-03-20

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-01

基金资助

中央引导地方科技发展资金专项(25ZYJA038)

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Screening and identification of bacteriocin-producing strains from traditional yak fermented milk and characterization of bacteriocins

  • LIU Fengming ,
  • TAO Shengjian ,
  • LIANG Qi ,
  • FAN Ping ,
  • CHEN Xuhui ,
  • ZHAO Baotang
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  • 1(College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
    2(Functional Dairy Product Engineering Laboratory of Gansu, Lanzhou 730070, China)
    3(Lanzhou Zhuangyuan Dairy Co.Ltd., Lanzhou 730020, China)

Received date: 2025-02-25

  Revised date: 2025-03-20

  Online published: 2025-08-01

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摘要

为了筛选具有广谱细菌素合成能力的菌株,该研究以大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为指示菌,通过琼脂平板扩散法从甘肃甘南传统牦牛发酵乳中分离得到一株产细菌素植物乳植杆菌(Lactiplantibacillus plantarum)EL2。经qPCR鉴定发现该菌株具有多种细菌素合成基因,其合成的细菌素粗提物不仅具备常见细菌素对革兰氏阳性菌的抑制活性,还能抑制革兰氏阴性菌和部分真菌。通过测定大肠杆菌胞内物质泄露、结合扫描电镜观察,发现该细菌素通过破坏菌株细胞膜完整性造成菌体死亡,抑菌效率呈浓度依赖性。EL2产细菌素对温度和酸碱性耐受能力较好,在生产应用中具有稳定的活性和广泛的使用范围,其对消化蛋白酶敏感且不具有溶血活性,在中低浓度时对Caco-2无明显细胞毒性,具有良好的生物安全性。因此,该菌株的发现及其细菌素的初步探究为开发天然防腐剂提供了新的资源和理论基础,具有广阔的应用前景与深入挖掘的研究价值。

关键词： 细菌素; 广谱抑菌; 分离筛选; 植物乳植杆菌; 基因鉴定; 抑菌机制; 安全性评价

本文引用格式

刘丰铭 , 陶生俭 , 梁琪 , 范萍 , 陈湑慧 , 赵保堂 . 传统牦牛发酵乳中产细菌素菌株的筛选鉴定及细菌素特性[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(14) : 122 -130 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.042516

Abstract

To screen for strains with broad-spectrum bacteriocin synthesis capabilities, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were used as indicator bacteria.A bacteriocin-producing strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum EL2, was isolated from traditional yak fermented milk in Gannan, Gansu, using the agar well diffusion method.The qPCR analysis revealed that EL2 harbors multiple bacteriocin synthesis genes.The crude extract of the bacteriocin synthesized by this strain not only exhibited the inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria, which was common for bacteriocins, but also could inhibit Gram-negative bacteria and some fungi.Measurements of intracellular material leakage in E.coli and scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that the bacteriocin disrupts cell membrane integrity, leading to bacterial death.The inhibition efficiency was concentration-dependent.The bacteriocin showed good tolerance to temperature and pH variations, suggesting stable activity and broad application potential.It was sensitive to digestive proteases, lacked hemolytic activity, and exhibited no significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells at low to medium concentrations, indicating good biosafety.The discovery of EL2 and its bacteriocin provides new resources and a theoretical basis for developing natural preservatives, highlighting its potential for further research and application.

Key words： bacteriocin; broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity; isolation and screening; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; gene identification; antimicrobial mechanism; safety evaluation

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