食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 16: 351 - 362

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041838

分析与检测

西藏三种枸杞基本营养成分及代谢物差异分析

  • 奉综涛 ,
  • 田梦乐 ,
  • 买地那·帕尔哈提 ,
  • 尹秀 ,
  • 兰小中 ,
  • 禄亚洲
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  • 1(西藏农牧学院 食品科学学院,西藏 林芝,860000)
    2(西藏农牧学院,西藏特色农牧资源研发省部共建协同创新中心,西藏 林芝,860000)
    3(西藏农牧学院,西藏自治区藏药资源保护与利用重点实验室,西藏 林芝,860000)
第一作者:硕士研究生(禄亚洲副教授为通信作者,E-mail:luyazhou001@126.com)

收稿日期: 2024-12-12

  修回日期: 2025-01-09

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-29

基金资助

西藏农牧学院研究生教育创新计划项目(YJS2023-06);第四次全国中药资源普查西藏自治区中(藏)药资源普查(20200501);西藏农牧学院学科建设项目(533323001);生物技术一流专业建设项目(2024-007)

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Differences in basic nutrients and metabolites in three types of Lycium chinense in Tibet

  • FENG Zongtao ,
  • TIAN Mengle ,
  • MAIDINA Paerhati ,
  • YIN Xiu ,
  • LAN Xiaozhong ,
  • LU Yazhou
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  • 1(Food Science College, Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China)
    2(The Provincial and Ministerial Co-founded Collaborative Innovation Center for R&D in Tibet Characteristic Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources, Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China)
    3(Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Resources Conservation and Utilization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Xizang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China)

Received date: 2024-12-12

  Revised date: 2025-01-09

  Online published: 2025-08-29

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摘要

为探究西藏栽培的3种枸杞代谢物差异,该文采用非靶向代谢组学结合多元统计分析和通路富集分析了3种枸杞的代谢物组成特征。结果表明,日喀则产宁夏枸杞中的总糖、总多糖、可溶性蛋白质和总酚含量最高,日喀则黑果枸杞中类黄酮、维生素C和维生素B1的含量最高,而只有林芝苦枸杞达到了理想蛋白质的标准(42.95%)。共筛选出1 142种差异代谢物,林芝苦枸杞和日喀则黑果枸杞之间有787个差异代谢物,林芝苦枸杞和日喀则产宁夏枸杞之间有765个差异代谢物,日喀则产宁夏枸杞和黑果枸杞之间有744个差异代谢物。代谢通路富集分析表明,3种枸杞的差异代谢物主要富集在亚油酸代谢途径、α-亚麻酸代谢途径、三羧酸循环途径、抗坏血酸和阿糖二酸代谢途径等通路上。基于变量权重值>1、|log2FC|≥1(FC表示差异倍数)和错误发现率＜0.05筛选标准,发现108种对样品贡献较大的代谢物,且脂类和类脂分子、苯丙烷和聚酮类以及有机氧化物类化合物丰度较高,其中γ-亚麻酸、隐绿原酸、芦丁、槲皮素和地骨皮乙素可能是鉴别不同西藏产枸杞的关键代谢物。该文初步阐明了3种西藏栽培枸杞的代谢特征及差异,为今后的加工利用及活性物质的挖掘提供了一定的科学依据。

关键词： 宁夏枸杞; 黑果枸杞; 苦枸杞; 非靶向代谢组学; 差异代谢物

本文引用格式

奉综涛 , 田梦乐 , 买地那·帕尔哈提 , 尹秀 , 兰小中 , 禄亚洲 . 西藏三种枸杞基本营养成分及代谢物差异分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(16) : 351 -362 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041838

Abstract

To explore the variations in the metabolites in three types of Lycium chinense produced in Tibet, the metabolic characteristics were analyzed using non-targeted metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical and pathway enrichment analysis.Results showed that the Lycium barbarum grown in Rikaze had the highest contents of total sugar, polysaccharides, protein, and phenols, while Lycium ruthenicum from Rikaze had the contents of vitamin B1, vitamin C, and total flavonoids.Lycium amarum was the only one to achieve the optimal protein level (42.95%).A total of 1 142 differential metabolites were screened using differential metabolite analysis, including 787, 765, and 755 differential metabolites in L.amarum vs L.ruthenicum, L.amarum vs L.barbarum, and L.barbarum vs L.ruthenicum, respectively.Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites of the three L.chinense were mainly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism, α-linolenic acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ascorbic acid, and arabic acid metabolism.A total of 108 metabolites contributed significantly to the sample based on the screening criteria of variable important in projection value >1, |log2FC|≥1, and false discovery rate <0.05, of these, the relative abundance of lipids and lipid molecules, phenylpropanoids, polyketones, and organic oxide compounds were higher, and the γ-linolenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, and kukoamine B could be the key metabolites to distinguish between different L.chinense produced in Xizang.The metabolic characteristics and differences in three types of L.chinense cultivated in Xizang were preliminarily clarified, which could provide a certain scientific basis for future processing, utilization, and extraction of active substances.

Key words： Lycium barbarum; Lycium ruthenicum; Lycium amarum; non-targeted metabolomics approach; differential metabolites

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