食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 20: 271 - 280

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.043037

研究报告

超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理对桑叶γ-氨基丁酸合成途径调控机制的研究

  • 谢雯雯 ,
  • 孙钰 ,
  • 陈秀敏
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  • 1(江苏大学 食品与生物工程学院,江苏 镇江,212013)
    2(江苏大学 食品物理加工研究院,江苏 镇江,212013)
第一作者:硕士研究生(陈秀敏教授为通信作者,E-mail:xmchen@ujs.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-04-16

  修回日期: 2025-05-25

  网络出版日期: 2025-10-27

基金资助

江苏省特聘教授计划项目(zk20190386)

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Investigation into the regulatory mechanism of γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis pathway in mulberry leaves under ultrasound combined with alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment

  • XIE Wenwen ,
  • SUN Yu ,
  • CHEN Xiumin
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  • 1(School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)
    2(Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

Received date: 2025-04-16

  Revised date: 2025-05-25

  Online published: 2025-10-27

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摘要

超声和厌氧好氧交替处理能够显著提高γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)的积累,然而超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理如何通过影响GABA支路和多胺降解途径促进GABA积累的机制尚不清楚。该研究以桑叶为原材料,通过对比添加氨基胍盐酸盐与未添加氨基胍盐酸盐的桑叶在超声、厌氧好氧交替以及超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理下的相关代谢物含量、酶活性和基因表达变化,揭示GABA积累的分子机制。结果表明,桑叶经超声、厌氧好氧交替和超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理后,GABA含量分别提高了3.0、5.0、6.7倍。3种处理方法不仅增强了谷氨酸脱羧酶活力和基因表达及钙调蛋白基因表达,使GABA支路富集GABA的能力提高,还提高了多胺的含量,增强了二胺氧化酶、多胺氧化酶(polyamine oxidase,PAO)和氨基醛脱氢酶活力,上调了PAO的基因表达。多胺降解途径对超声、厌氧好氧交替和超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理桑叶中GABA积累的贡献度分别为28%、30%和37%,表明GABA的积累主要依赖于GABA支路。研究结果表明,超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理通过激活GABA支路和多胺降解途径的关键酶活力及其相关基因表达,显著促进了GABA在桑叶中的高效积累,为开发富含GABA的桑叶茶及功能食品提供了科学依据和技术支持。

关键词： γ-氨基丁酸; γ-氨基丁酸支路; 多胺降解途径; 基因表达

本文引用格式

谢雯雯 , 孙钰 , 陈秀敏 . 超声协同厌氧好氧交替处理对桑叶γ-氨基丁酸合成途径调控机制的研究[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(20) : 271 -280 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.043037

Abstract

Ultrasonication and alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment conditions can significantly enhance the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).However, the mechanism by which the ultrasound combined with alternating anaerobic-aerobic conditions promotes GABA accumulation through influencing the GABA shunt and polyamine degradation pathways remain unclear.In this study, mulberry leaves were selected to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying GABA accumulation by comparing changes in relevant metabolite content, enzyme activity, and gene expression among mulberry leaves treated with ultrasound, alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment, and their combination, with or without aminoguanidine hydrochloride (AG).The results demonstrated that GABA content increased by 3.0, 5.0, and 6.7-fold after ultrasound, alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment, and their combination, respectively.These treatments not only enhanced the activity and gene expression of glutamate decarboxylase and calmodulin gene expression, thereby improving the capacity of the GABA shunt to accumulate GABA, but also increased the polyamine levels, enhanced the activities of diamine oxidase, polyamine oxidase (PAO), and aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase, and upregulated PAO gene expression.The contribution of the polyamine degradation pathway to GABA accumulation in mulberry leaves under ultrasound, alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment, and their combination was 28%, 30%, and 37%, respectively, indicating that GABA accumulation primarily relies on the GABA shunt.These findings suggest that ultrasound combined with alternating anaerobic-aerobic treatment significantly promotes the efficient accumulation of GABA in mulberry leaves by activating key enzyme activities and gene expression in both GABA shunt and polyamine degradation pathways.This study provides scientific evidence and technical support for the development of GABA-enriched mulberry leaf tea and functional foods.

Key words： γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA); GABA shunt; polyamine degradation pathway; gene expression

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