该研究以富含多种活性成分的荔枝壳为对象,系统比较了菌群发酵液(microbiota fermentation broth,MA),水和85%乙醇(concentrated ethanol,CE)等3种方法提取活性组分的特点。CE法提取物中总酚含量是50.78 mg GAE/g,水为4.48 mg GAE/g。尽管MA总酚含量为9.60~11.36 mg GAE/g,低于CE,但CE与MA提取物中经超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱鉴定的活性成分的种类略有差异(30种和33种)。CE法提取物中活性成分总含量为11.14 mg/g,富集了表儿茶素、木犀草素和槲皮素等酚类前体化合物。MA提取物的活性组分总含量略降低(5.63~9.49 mg/g),但菌-酶复合作用促进了活性成分的释放与转化,检出槲皮素3-鼠李糖苷、山奈酚3-O-洋槐糖苷等19种酚类活性组分,验证了生物转化的有效性。该研究揭示了菌群发酵液提取物的活性组分多样性与溶剂展现出的粗多酚提取优势,为开发环境友好的荔枝壳高值化利用技术奠定了理论依据。
This study compared the extraction of the active components from litchi pericarp, which are rich in various bioactive compounds, using three extraction methods, including microbiota fermentation broth (MA), water and 85% concentrated ethanol (CE), respectively.The CE method yielded a total phenolic content of 50.78 mg GAE/g, significantly higher than the water extraction (4.48 mg gallic acid equivalent GAE/g).The MA method yielded a content of 9.60-11.36 mg GAE/g, slightly lower than CE.However, the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis identified only minor differences in the number of active components between CE and MA extracts (30 and 33).The CE extract contained 11.14 mg/g total active components, enriched with phenolic precursor compounds such as epicatechin, luteolin, and quercetin.The total content of the MA extract decreased (5.63-9.49 mg/g), but the microbial-enzyme complex action facilitated the release and transformation of active components.Nineteen phenolic active components, including quercetin 3-rhamnoside and kaempferol 3-O-robinobioside, confirming the effectiveness of biotransformation.This study revealed the compositional diversity of microbiota fermentation broth extracts and the advantages of solvent extraction in crude polyphenol extraction.These findings provide a theoretical basis for the development of an environmentally friendly extraction technique for high-value utilization of litchi pericarp.
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