长期高脂饮食会导致机体脂肪堆积、血脂异常、肠道菌群紊乱,增加高血脂等慢性疾病发病率。该文旨在研究菊粉复配黑木耳多糖对高脂饮食小鼠血清指标、肝脏脂肪堆积、肠道菌群的影响。首先评价了不同质量比例(5∶0、4∶1、3∶2、2∶3、1∶4、0∶5)菊粉复配黑木耳多糖体外降血脂活性,并将小鼠分为正常对照组(饲喂普通饲料),高脂对照组(饲喂高脂饲料),干预组饲喂添加不同比例菊粉复配黑木耳多糖的高脂饲料,干预8周后,研究高脂饮食对小鼠血清、肝脏、肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:在菊粉复配黑木耳多糖(2∶3)条件下,对甘氨胆酸钠、牛磺胆酸钠的结合率最高。不同比例菊粉复配黑木耳多糖对实验小鼠体重、肝体比显著降低,血清总胆固醇、总甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均极显著下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高。小鼠肝脏中脂肪滴数量和体积均明显减少,均比单一菊粉、黑木耳多糖干预效果明显。菊粉复配黑木耳多糖干预高脂饮食小鼠,提高了肠道中乳酸杆菌属、杆菌属、副拟杆菌属、拟杆菌属等产生短链脂肪酸菌属相对丰度,降低了脱硫弧菌属、螺杆菌属、扭链瘤胃球菌、Colidextribacter相对丰度,改善了高脂饮食对肠道菌群的影响。该研究表明菊粉复配黑木耳多糖对高脂饮食小鼠具有调控血脂及改善肠道菌群的作用,为预防高血脂及功能性产品开发提供新思路。
A long-term high-fat diet causes fat accumulation, abnormal blood lipids, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.It also increases the incidence of chronic diseases such as hyperlipidemia.Aimed to investigate the effects of inulin combined with Auricularia auricula polysaccharides(AAP) on serum indices, hepatic lipid deposition, and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice.The study first evaluated the hypolipidemic activity of inulin and AAP mixtures at different ratios (5∶0, 4∶1, 3∶2, 2∶3, 1∶4, 0∶5) using in vitro assays.Mice were divided into a normal control group fed a standard diet, a high-fat model group fed a high-fat diet, and intervention groups fed the high-fat diet supplemented with the different polysaccharide mixtures.After 8 weeks of intervention, the study examined the effects of the high-fat diet on serum parameters, liver tissue, and gut microbiota in the mice.Results showed that the inulin-AAP mixture at a 2∶3 ratio achieved the highest binding rates for both sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate.All polysaccharide mixtures significantly reduced body weight and liver index in the experimental mice.Serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C decreased markedly, while HDL-C levels increased significantly.Furthermore, the number and size of lipid droplets in the liver tissue were substantially reduced.The combined intervention demonstrated more pronounced effects than using either inulin or AAP alone.Intervention with the inulin-AAP mixture increased the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria.These included genera such as Lactobacillus, Odoribacter, Parabacteroides, and Bacteroides.The mixture also decreased the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio, Helicobacter, Ruminococcus torques, and Colidextribacter.This study indicated that inulin combined with AAP regulates blood lipids and improves gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice.The findings offer a new perspective for developing strategies to prevent hyperlipidemia and create related functional products.
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