食品与发酵工业 >

2026 , Vol. 52 >Issue 12: 98 - 105

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044621

研究报告

YHX系列抗菌肽对典型口腔致病菌的抗菌作用及安全性评价

  • 张诗淇 ,
  • 刘伊索 ,
  • 刘银雪 ,
  • 曹佳媛 ,
  • 蒋璐 ,
  • 易华西
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  • (中国海洋大学 食品科学与工程学院,山东 青岛,266000)
第一作者:硕士研究生(易华西教授为通信作者,E-mail:yihx@ouc.edu.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-09-26

  修回日期: 2025-11-06

  网络出版日期: 2026-07-17

基金资助

国家重点研发计划国际合作项目(2024YFE111400)

收起

Antibacterial effects and safety evaluation of YHX series antimicrobial peptides against typical oral pathogens

  • ZHANG Shiqi ,
  • LIU Yisuo ,
  • LIU Yinxue ,
  • CAO Jiayuan ,
  • JIANG Lu ,
  • YI Huaxi
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  • (College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China)

Received date: 2025-09-26

  Revised date: 2025-11-06

  Online published: 2026-07-17

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摘要

口腔健康易受多种内源性与外源性因素影响,其中口腔致病微生物是主要因素之一。抗菌肽因具有高效抗菌活性与独特作用机制,在口腔致病菌感染防治中显示出广阔应用前景。该研究系统评价了YHX系列人工合成抗菌肽对变异链球菌、具核梭杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌这3种典型口腔致病菌的抑制作用。通过测定抑菌圈直径、最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC)及最小生物膜抑制浓度(minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration, MBIC),评估其抗菌与抗生物膜活性;并利用扫描电镜(scanning electron microscopy, SEM)观察细菌生物膜形态变化,同时通过RAW264.7细胞毒性及溶血实验评价其生物安全性。结果表明,6种抗菌肽对变异链球菌和具核梭杆菌均表现出良好抗菌活性,MIC值为4~32 μg/mL,MBIC值均低于64 μg/mL。在4×MIC浓度下,该系列抗菌肽对变异链球菌生物膜的抑制率超过60%,对具核梭杆菌与牙龈卟啉单胞菌共培养生物膜的抑制率均高于85%。扫描电镜显示,抗菌肽可引起细菌细胞结构变形甚至破裂,从而发挥抑菌作用。细胞毒性实验表明,YHX-5和YHX-7具有较低的细胞毒性;溶血实验结果进一步证实YHX-5具有低溶血率和良好的细胞选择性。综上所述,YHX-5兼具高效抗菌活性、显著抗生物膜能力、低溶血毒性与低细胞毒性,展现出作为新型口腔抗菌剂的开发潜力。

关键词： 抗菌肽; 口腔致病菌; 抗菌作用; 安全性评价

本文引用格式

张诗淇 , 刘伊索 , 刘银雪 , 曹佳媛 , 蒋璐 , 易华西 . YHX系列抗菌肽对典型口腔致病菌的抗菌作用及安全性评价[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2026 , 52(12) : 98 -105 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044621

Abstract

Oral health is influenced by various endogenous and exogenous factors, with pathogenic microorganisms representing a major contributor.Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) demonstrate considerable potential for preventing and treating oral infections due to their potent antibacterial properties and unique mechanisms of action.This study systematically evaluated a series of synthetic YHX AMPs for their inhibitory effects against three common oral pathogens, including Streptococcus mutans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis.The assessment included inhibition zone diameter, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) to determine antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity.Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging revealed structural alterations in bacterial biofilms.Biosafety evaluation employed cytotoxicity assays using RAW264.7 cells alongside haemolysis tests.Results indicated that all six YHX AMPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against S.mutans and F.nucleatum.MIC values ranged from 4 to 32 μg/mL, while all MBIC values measured below 64 μg/mL.At 4×MIC concentration, the peptides inhibited S.mutans biofilm formation by over 60% and suppressed dual-species biofilms of F.nucleatum and P.gingivalis by more than 85%.SEM imaging demonstrated that AMP treatment induced bacterial cell deformation and rupture.Cytotoxicity assays identified YHX-5 and YHX-7 as exhibiting low cytotoxicity.Haemolysis tests further confirmed that YHX-5 possesses low haemolytic activity and high cell selectivity.In conclusion, YHX-5 demonstrates potent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity combined with low cytotoxicity and minimal haemolytic risk, establishing it as a promising novel agent for oral antibacterial applications.

Key words： antimicrobial peptides; oral pathogenic bacteria; antibacterial activity; safety evaluation

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