扣囊覆膜酵母(Saccharomycopsis fibuligera)是中国传统发酵体系中的重要微生物,具有优异的产酶能力。该研究采用转录组学技术系统解析了其蛋白酶、淀粉酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶产酶分子机制。结果表明,蛋白酶组共得到显著差异基因2 162个;淀粉酶组共得到显著差异基因373个;β-葡萄糖苷酶组共得到显著差异基因293个。GO及KEGG富集分析表明,3种酶系的调控呈现“共性基础-特性分支”的调控模式:MAPK信号通路、氮代谢、核糖体、氨基酸合成、长寿调控等基础代谢过程构成了共同调控网络基础;特性层面,蛋白酶合成依赖蛋白质合成、加工及分泌途径的协同强化;淀粉酶合成与中心碳代谢和能量代谢网络密切相关;而β-葡萄糖苷酶合成侧重于细胞膜结构与转运系统的重构。该研究为开发高效降解蛋白质、淀粉与纤维素的扣囊覆膜酵母工业菌株提供理论依据和分子靶点,有助于提升原料利用率、改善产品风味品质,推动我国传统发酵产业的技术升级。
Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is an important microorganism in Chinese traditional fermentation systems, renowned for its exceptional enzyme production capabilities.This study used transcriptomics technology to systematically analyze the enzyme production mechanisms of protease, amylase, and β-glucosidase.The results revealed that 2 162 DEGs were identified in the proteasome group;373 DEGs were identified in the amylase group;293 DEGs were identified in the β-glucosidase group.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the regulation of the three enzyme systems exhibited a “common basic characteristic branch” regulatory pattern.The MAPK signaling pathway, nitrogen metabolism, ribosomes, amino acid synthesis and longevity regulation constitute the basis of a common regulatory network.At the specific level, protease expression relies on the synergistic enhancement of protein synthesis, processing and secretion pathways;amylase expression is closely linked to the central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism network;while β-glucosidase expression emphasizes the reconstruction of cell membrane structure and transport system.The study provides theoretical foundations and molecular targets for developing industrial strains capable of degrading protein, starches, and cellulose.It contributes to improve raw material utilization, enhance product flavor quality, and promotes technological advancements within China’s traditional fermentation industry.
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