采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法对6种类型、共计67批阿胶类保健食品中阿胶成分和牛皮源成分同时进行测定,结合阿胶含量、水分、蛋白质含量的测定结果对每种剂型中阿胶成分和牛皮源成分进行分析与评价,对日后专项标准制定和监管方向提出建议。结果表明:阿胶片中阿胶含量较高,为39%～65%,蛋白质含量也较高,为68%～84%,牛皮源成分的检出率为22.8%,检出且超过标准规定的有2批;阿胶粉、阿胶胶囊、阿胶含片、阿胶核桃糕和阿胶口服液中,以4种氨基酸代表的阿胶含量差异较大,与阿胶片相比数值较低,检出牛皮源成分的有16批,但均未超过标准规定。超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法可以同时快速、准确地对阿胶成分特征峰和牛皮源成分特征峰进行判别;加强阿胶类保健食品的原材料监管、并按类型区别制定阿胶类保健食品中牛皮源掺入限值标准十分必要。

Donkey-hide gelatin and bovine-hide gelatin were determined in 6 kinds of formulations, such as powder, capsule, lozenge, jell, and oral solution, and 67 samples of donkey-hide gelatin using UPLC-MS/MS. The contents of donkey-hide gelatin and bovine-hide gelatin were analysed and evaluated by measuring L-hydroxyproline, glycine, alanine, L-proline, moisture, and protein. The content of donkey-hide gelatin in tablets was found to be 39%-65%, and protein was 68%-84%. The detection rate of bovine-hide gelatin was 22.8%, and 2 batches exceeded the standard. The content of donkey-hide gelatin indicated as the sum of L-hydroxyproline, glycine, alanine, and L-proline had significant differences in other 5 formulations, as they were all lower than that in tablets. Moreover, 16 batches were detected to contain bovine-hide gelatin, but none of them exceeded the standard. The present method is repeatable and sensitive to distinguish donkey-hide gelatin and bovine-hide gelatin. It is necessary to pay attention to raw materials of donkey-hide gelatin and formulate standards for different formulations.