通过对冷磨法生产甜橙皮精油关键步骤——油水分离的实验模拟,分析2次离心废水和冷磨油的挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)差异,探讨废水VOCs的回收利用价值。采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术结合保留指数和内标法进行定性和定量分析,从废水I、II和油中分别鉴定出75、72和63个VOCs,其中乙醇、(Z)-2-戊烯-1-醇、乙酸乙酯、2,3-丁二酮及(E)-2-戊烯醛等11个水易溶成分仅在废水中检出;共有成分的浓度均在冷磨油中更高,但以总体积计则废水中VOCs总含量更高;各VOCs所属香气类别在3类样品中的占比存在显著差异(P<0.01),废水I中花香和脂香(4.88%、3.37%)等类物质的比例高于废水II(2.34%、2.42%)和冷磨油(0.81%、1.08%)。离心废水保留了皮油的水溶性VOCs,从而更具花香、脂香和青香等特征,对其回收利用进行预期,可拓宽天然柑橘香料的产品线,并获取可观的经济效益。
ZHANG Qunlin
,
LI Guijie
,
CHENG Yujiao
,
HE Yajing
,
ROUSEFF R L
,
GU Liwei
,
WU Houjiu1
,
3*
,
SUN Zhigao
. 冷磨橙皮油生产工艺中离心废水与精油的挥发性物质差异分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2019
, 45(23)
: 214
-221
.
DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.021492
By laboratory simulating oil-water separation, the key step of producing citrus peel essential oil by cold-pressing methods, the differences of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in two consecutive aqueous effluents (AEs) and cold-pressed oil (CPO) were analyzed, and the recycling value of aqueous effluents VOCs was discussed. Techniques of headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) combined with retention index and internal standard method were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis. A total of 75, 72 and 63 VOCs were identified respectively in aqueous effluent I & II and the oil. Eleven components with high water solubility, including ethanol, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, ethyl acetate, 2, 3-butanedione, (E)-2-pentenal and etc. were only found in the aqueous effluents. Concentration of common VOCs is higher in CPO; however, the total amount of VOCs in aqueous effluents was higher than that in CPO, considering the large volume of AEs. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found for the proportion of each aroma type of the VOCs among the three samples; percentage of VOCs that contributed mainly for floral and fat notes was higher in AE I (4.88%, 3.37%) than in AE II (2.34%, 2.42%) and CPO (0.81%, 1.08%). The more water-soluble VOCs from orange peel oil retained in aqueous effluents and characterized the AEs of more floral, fat and green notes. Recycling and reuse of these aqueous VOCs may broaden the products line of natural citrus essence and thus obtain substantial economic benefits.
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