以人工种植羊肚菌为试材,采用3种包装(微孔膜、PE膜和透湿袋)在1 ℃下进行贮藏,定期测定其生理指标及感官品质,筛选最适于羊肚菌保鲜的包装材料。结果表明,与PE膜和透湿袋处理相比,微孔膜包装在贮藏期间可以更有效地减少羊肚菌质量损失,降低呼吸强度,减轻褐变程度,使可溶性固形物含量和多酚含量维持在较高水平,降低多酚氧化酶活性,保持较高的过氧化物酶活性。冷藏35 d,微孔膜包装的羊肚菌感官评分高于空白对照和其他包装材料处理组。微孔膜包装结合1 ℃冷藏处理是羊肚菌最佳保鲜方式,可以有效维持羊肚菌品质,延长贮藏期,在羊肚菌采后保鲜上具有较好的应用前景。
The study was carried out to screen the most suitable packaging material for the preservation of Morchella. The artificially planted Morchella was used as a test material, and three kinds of packaging (microporous membrane, PE membrane and moisture permeable bag) were used and stored at 1 ℃, of which the physiological indexes and sensory quality were measured periodically. The microporous membrane packaging can reduce the weight loss of Morchella, decrease the respiratory intensity and lessen the browning degree compared with the PE membrane and the moisture-permeable bag. In addition, the soluble solid content and the polyphenol content of Morchella were also maintained at high levels when packed with microporous membrane. Moreover, microporous membrane could effectively lower the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and maintain the higher peroxidase(POD)activity. After 35 days of cold storage, the sensory score of Morchella packed with microporous membrane was higher than those of the control and other packaging treatment groups. Microporous membrane packing combined with cold storage at 1 ℃ showed the optimal effect on maintaining the quality of Morchella and prolonging the shelf, which has a good application prospect in the preservation of Morchella.
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