为酿酒葡萄选择适宜的杀菌剂,保证葡萄酒质量安全,以赤霞珠葡萄为试验材料,分别将甲基硫菌灵(5 mg/L)、甲霜灵(2 mg/L)及嘧菌酯(5 mg/L)添加到葡萄醪中,进行葡萄酒酿造,比较各处理组葡萄酒理化指标和感官质量,并测定不同酿造阶段农药含量。结果表明, 3种农药均不同程度降低了葡萄酒品质,嘧菌酯显著延长了发酵时间且对葡萄酒品质影响较大,甲基硫菌灵显著降低了葡萄酒香气质量,甲霜灵对葡萄酒酿造影响较小。3种农药在酿造结束时平均减少约 70%,不同阶段对农药的去除作用为酒精发酵>乳酸发酵>陈酿,固体相对极性较弱的农药有显著的吸附作用。该研究发现杀菌剂会影响葡萄酒品质,极性较弱的农药更容易去除,相关结果可为酿酒葡萄杀菌剂的使用提供一定参考。
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