建立快速定性鉴别山茶油与大豆油、菜籽油和玉米油,以及定量检测山茶油中掺杂大豆油的傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)检测方法。采用FTIR光谱技术,对比山茶油与大豆油、玉米油、菜籽油红外光谱中2个特征峰(1 122 cm-1与1 096 cm-1)的峰高差异,可快速定性区分山茶油与其他3种食用油,并能鉴别掺入大豆油含量(质量分数)在30%及以上的山茶油;利用4种食用油的1 464～722 cm-1范围内的指纹光谱,结合PCA算法,建立的定性判别模型可区分山茶油及其他3种食用油,并结合PLSR算法,构建了检测山茶油中掺入大豆油的定量模型,其中校正集的RMSECV值为0.032 0,验证集的RMSEP值为0.029 7,校正集和验证集的R2值均能达到0.99,最低检测限达1%(质量分数)。结果表明,所建立的山茶油中掺杂大豆油的FTIR光谱检测方法简便、灵敏、准确,为市场筛查掺假山茶油的快速鉴别提供了技术参考。
The aim of our research was not only to qualitatively identify camellia oil, soya bean oil, rapeseed oil and corn oil, but also to quantitatively detect the soya bean oil in adulterated camellia oil. In this study, a FTIR method was investigated for discriminating camellia oil, soya bean oil, corn oil and rapeseed oil by comparison of two characteristic peaks height (1 122 cm-1, 1 096 cm-1) among those four edible oils. And it could identify pure camellia oil and camellia oil adulterated with soya bean oil(≥30%, w/w). In conjunction with PCA algorithm, a discrimination model was also developed for qualitative detecting camellia oils and other edible oils based on analyzing the FTIR fingerprint spectra in the range of 1 464～722 cm-1. After that, for quantitative determination of soya bean oil in adulterated camellia oil, a PLSR model with the detection limit of 1% (w/w) was provided. And it obtained RMSECV value of 0.032 0 for calibration sets and RMSEP value of 0.029 7 for validation sets. R2 of both sets could reach 0.99. In conclusion, with the characteristic of convenience, sensitivity, and accuracy, the FTIR spectroscopic methods established above has the capability for rapid verification of camellia oil adulteration in the edible oil market.
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