芹菜纤维可用于制备植物空心胶囊,以其为原料制备的胶囊价格低廉,能显著降低现有植物胶囊的成本,具有较好的经济价值。实验以芹菜纤维、淀粉等为原料、以力学性能为指标,在特定工艺下进行正交实验优化芹菜纤维空心胶囊配方。采用透光率、扫描电镜(scanning electronic microscopy,SEM)、X-射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(fourier transform infared spectroscopy,FTIR)、热重-差示扫描量热分析法(thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry,TG-DSC)五种特征手段对最优样品进行表征。结果表明,打浆度35 °SR、失水率82 %、芹菜纤维质量浓度3.5 g/L、淀粉18 g/L时,胶囊抗拉强度可达13.56 MPa,断裂伸长率可达25.35%;透光率分析结果表明,淀粉、卡拉胶、魔芋粉、甘油间相容性良好;SEM结果表明相容性弱化了芹菜纤维导致的相分离,纤维搭接使力学性能增强;XRD结果表明,20°左右形成宽衍射峰,呈现无定型结构;FTIR结果表明,3 300 cm-1附近吸收峰减弱,混合体系趋于匀质稳定;TG-DSC结果表明胶囊在110 ℃以下热稳定性良好。
The study aimed to research and obtain the optimal formulation, process and mechanism of the preparation of celery fiber hollow capsules. With celery fiber and starch as raw materials and mechanical properties as indexes, the optimum capsule samples were obtained by orthogonal experiments under specific process. And the capsule was characterized by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform INFRARED (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC). The results showed that the optimal conditions were beating degree of 35 °SR, the water loss rate of 82%, celery fiber content of 3.5 g/L and starch content of 18 g/L. The tensile strength of capsules could reach 13.56 MPa and elongation at break could reach 25.35 %. In addition, the transmittance test showed a good compatibility of starch, carrageenan, konjac flour and glycerol. SEM showed the compatibility weakened the phase separation caused by celery fiber, and the mechanical properties of capsules were enhanced by fiber winding. Moreover, XRD showed the mixture system formed a wide diffraction peak at about 20 degrees and formed an amorphous structure. FTIR showed that the absorption peak near 3 300cm-1 decreased and the mixes system tended to be homogeneous and stable. The capsule had good thermal stability below 110 °C. Celery fiber can be used to prepare plant hollow capsules, which can significantly reduce the cost of existing plant capsules and has good economic value.
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