利用电子束辐照(electron beam irradiation,EBI)降解玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone,ZEN)和呕吐毒素(deoxynivalenol,DON),考察EBI对单一及混合毒素的降解效果,分析毒素降解及相互作用规律。结果表明,在0~10 kGy范围内,随着剂量的增加,标准品溶液中单一毒素降解率升高,且毒素初始浓度越低,降解率越高。10 kGy时,1 μg/mL的ZEN和DON降解率分别可达76.04%和89.31%。以EBI处理单一毒素为对照,DON与ZEN混合后同时经EBI处理,标准品和玉米浆中ZEN降解率均呈显著降低,DON降解率无明显趋势变化。14.20%(质量分数)水分含量的玉米粉中混合毒素经EBI处理后,ZEN和DON降解率均低于单一毒素对照组;水分含量为19.80%(质量分数)时,ZEN降解率低于对照组而DON高于对照组。该研究阐明了EBI同时降解玉米中ZEN和DON的效果,为EBI在粮食真菌毒素降解中的应用提供了理论参考。
Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) was used to degrade zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON). The degradation effects of EBI on single and mixed toxins were investigated, and the regularities of degradation and interaction of toxins were analyzed. The results showed that the degradation rate of single toxin in standard solution increased with the increase of EBI dose in the range of 0-10 kGy, and low initial concentration of toxin contributed to high degradation rate. At 10 kGy, the degradation rates of ZEN and DON at 1 ìg/mL were 76.04% and 89.31%, respectively. Using single toxin group as control, with EBI treatment on DON and ZEN mixture, the degradation rates of ZEN in standard solution and corn syrup were significantly reduced, while DON degradation rates showed no obvious change. In addition, the degradation rates of ZEN and DON in the corn flour with 14.20% (w/w) moisture content were both lower than that of the control group. When the water content was 19.80% (w/w), the degradation rate of ZEN was lower than that of the control group and DON was higher than the control group. This study clarifies the effects of EBI on the simultaneous degradation of ZEN and DON in corn, which can provide a theoretical reference for the application of EBI in the degradation of food mycotoxins.
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