为了解小麦籽粒品质性状与葡萄糖和乙醇产量间的关系,在3个环境下对9个小麦新品种(系)的品质性状进行了分析。结果表明,供试材料平均葡萄糖和乙醇产量分别为46.01 kg/t和179.19 L/t。方差分析表明,基因型与环境互作对葡萄糖产量影响较大,而基因型间的差异对乙醇产量影响较大。相关分析、多元逐步回归分析和通径分析表明,直链淀粉对葡萄糖直接效应最大,蛋白质次之,直接效应为负向的千粒重可通过直链淀粉具有较大的正向间接作用。沉降值、直链淀粉和吸水率对乙醇产量具有较大的正向直接效应,而负向直接效应较大的为延伸性、容重、硬度等。筛选到小麦新品系B4886和泸州点较适合葡萄糖和乙醇生产。该研究可为食品工业和发酵工业原粮小麦和专用品种的选育提供参考依据。
In order to know the relationships among quality traits and grain glucose and ethanol yield in wheat, the quality traits of nine winter wheat varieties were evaluated under three environments. Results showed that, the mean value of glucose yields and ethanol yields for the tested materials were 46.01 kg/t and 179.19 L/t, respectively. Analysis of variance indicated that the interaction between genotype and environment affected glucose yields greatly, while the genotype had greater impact on ethanol yields. On the other hand, correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression analysis and path analysis showed that amylase content had the strongest direct effect on glucose, followed by protein content. Additionally, thousand-grain weight, although its direct effect was negative, had a large positive indirect effect on glucose production through amylase content. Furthermore, settlement value, amylase content, and water absorption had greater positive direct effect on ethanol yields, while extensibility, test weight and hardness etc. had a strong negative direct effect on ethanol yields. It was found that the suitable wheat line B4886 and the suitable site Luzhou were generated for glucose and ethanol production. As a result, this study could provide some references for the unprocessed wheat breeding in the food industry and fermentation industry.
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