该研究采用传统培养和Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术相结合的方法对莽椒样品中的细菌多样性进行了解析。结果表明,17 株分离菌全部为乳酸菌,且16 株为乳杆菌。在门水平上,Firmicutes(硬壁菌门)和Proteobacteria(变形菌门)为绝对优势菌门,累计占比为99.39%;在属水平上,优势菌属为Lactobacillus(乳杆菌属,41.37%)、Pseudomonas(假单胞菌属,16.64%)、Weissella(魏斯氏菌属,14.96%)、Enterobacter(肠杆菌属,5.04%)、Pediococcus(片球菌属,2.48%)、Klebsiella(克雷伯氏菌属,2.40%)和Bacillus(芽孢杆菌属,1.33%)。从MG-RAST数据中下载湖北省当阳地区鲊广椒测序数据,进一步对莽椒和鲊广椒细菌多样性进行了分析。基因功能和表型结果表明,莽椒中细菌在生长繁殖等方面显著较低,而在革兰氏阴性菌和致病潜力的相对强度上显著较高。相关性检验发现优势细菌属对碳水化合物代谢、核酸代谢和蛋白质代谢等具有显著影响。由此可知该本研究对后续乳酸菌遗传多样性研究和产业化推动具有积极的意义。
In this study, the traditional culture method coupled with and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology were used to analyze the bacterial diversity in Mangjiao samples. The results showed that all the 17 isolated strains were lactic acid bacteria and 16 of which were characterized as Lactobacillus. At phylum level, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria accounting for 99.39%. At genus level, the dominant bacteria were Lactobacillus (41.37%), Pseudomonas (16.64%), Weissella (14.96%), Enterobacter (5.04%), Pediococcus (2.48%), Klebsiella (2.40%) and Bacillus (1.33%). The sequencing data of Zhaguangjiao in Dangyang area Hubei province were downloaded from MG-RAST data, then the bacterial diversity of Mangjiao and Zhaguangjiao were compared and analyzed. The results of gene function and phenotype showed that the growth and reproduction of bacteria in Mangjiao was significantly lower, but the relative intensity of Gram-negative bacteria and pathogenic potential was significantly higher than Zhaguangjiao. The correlation test showed that the dominant bacteria in Mangjiao had significant effects on carbohydrate metabolism, nucleic acid metabolism and protein metabolism. This study played positive effect on the research of the genetic diversity and industrialization of lactic acid bacteria.
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