为筛选酿酒葡萄及根系土壤中赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A, OTA)来源菌及其产毒条件,以新疆四大产区(焉耆盆地、吐哈盆地、天山北麓、伊犁河谷)酿酒葡萄和根系土壤为样品,进行微生物分离纯化和分子生物学鉴定,利用荧光紫外法初筛和酶联免疫法(enzyme-linked immunoassay, ELISA)复筛选择OTA来源菌,并通过单因素试验对其产OTA条件进行探究。筛选结果表明,样品中共分离出霉菌12株,其中,M2(黑曲霉Aspergillus niger)、M7(炭黑曲霉Aspergillus carbonarius)为OTA来源菌,M7产OTA含量较高;单因素结果表明,接种量、温度、酿酒葡萄有无损伤对炭黑曲霉产OTA能力的影响较为明显。该研究为构建葡萄酒OTA污染的预警机制提供了理论依据。
The present study aims to screen ochratoxin A(OTA)-producing microbes in wine grapes and root soil, and to identify the OTA production conditions. Wine grapes and root soil from four major producing areas in Xinjiang (Yanqi basin, Tuha basin, North foot of Tianshan mountain, Yili river valley) were used for microbial separation and purification, and molecular biology identification were performed. Thus, the OTA contents were determined strains were selected using fluorescence UV primary screening and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) secondary screening, and the single-factor experiment was used to explore the OTA production conditions. 12 strains of molds were isolated, of which M2 (Aspergillus niger) and M7 (Aspergillus carbonarius) were identified as OTA-producing strains, and the yield of OTA by M7 was higher. The inoculum size, incubation temperature, and mechanical injury of the wine grapes had was significant related to OTA production capacity of A. niger.
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