通过分析我国不同产区葡萄酒中矿质元素含量的差异性,结合化学计量法,筛选出有效溯源指标,构建葡萄酒原产地判别模型。该研究采集了贺兰山东麓、沙城、清徐、武威、渤海湾和云南高原6个产区赤霞珠单品葡萄酒样本72份,采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了Ag、Al、As 等58 种矿物元素含量,结合方差分析、主成分分析和Fisher判别分析,构建了葡萄酒的产地溯源模型。结果显示,葡萄酒里58种矿质元素中有35种含量在不同产地存在显著差异。经主成分分析,从58种矿质元素中提取了14个主成分,代表了总指标85.351%的信息;建立了基于Fisher判别分析的判别模型,回代检验和交叉检验的整体正确判别率分别为98.6%和84.7%,基本可实现不同产区葡萄酒的判别。研究证明了矿物元素溯源技术可用于葡萄酒的原产地判别。
By analyzing the differences of mineral element contents in wines from different producing areas in China, combined with stoichiometry, the effective traceability indexes were screened out, and a wine origin discrimination model was constructed. In this study, 72 Cabernet Sauvignon wine samples were collected from six producing areas, including East Helan Mountain Area, Shacheng, Qingxu, Wuwei, Bohai Bay and Yunnan Plateau. The contents of 58 mineral elements such as Ag, Al and As were determined using microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Combined with analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and Fisher discriminant analysis, an origin traceability model of wines was constructed. The contents of 35 mineral elements out of 58 in wines were significantly different in different producing areas. Through PCA, 14 principal components were extracted from 58 mineral elements, representing 85.351% information of the total indexes. The discrimination model based on Fisher discriminant analysis was constructed. The overall rates of correct discrimination of back substitution test and cross test were 98.6% and 84.7%, respectively, which can basically discriminate wines from different producing areas. This study proves that the mineral element traceability technique can be used to discriminate the origin of wines.
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