该研究采用MiSeq高通量测序技术解析了河曲地区和五原地区酸粥的细菌群落结构差异,并探讨了其优势细菌属间的相关关系,最后对其细菌的基因功能进行了预测。结果发现,五原酸粥中的细菌丰度与多样性均显著高于河曲酸粥;所有酸粥样本共含有2个优势细菌门,分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,75.85%)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria,23.31%);含有12个优势细菌属,分别为乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus,41.95%)、醋杆菌属(Acetobacter,14.10%)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus,6.72%)、梭菌属(Clostridium,6.69%)和戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus,5.36%)等,乳酸菌累计相对含量为59.19%;两个地区酸粥中Acetobacter和魏斯氏菌(Weissella)的含量存在显著差异。相关性分析显示,除Lactobacillus和肠球菌属(Enterococcus)间为显著负相关关系外,Clostridium与Weissella,乳球菌属(Lactococcus)与Acetobacter和Enterococcus以及气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)与Enterococcus均为显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。基因功能预测结果显示两个地区酸粥的细菌基因功能在复制、重组和修复、氨基酸转运与代谢、翻译、核糖体结构与生物发生等功能上的表达较高,其中在复制、重组和修复以及翻译、核糖体结构与生物发生功能上存在显著差异(P<0.01),且均为五原酸粥菌群的表达高于河曲酸粥。由此可见,河曲和五原酸粥的细菌类群在菌群结构以及菌群功能上均存在一定差异。
In this study, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the bacterial community structure of the sour porridge from Hequ and Wuyuan regions and to explore the correlation between the dominant bacterial genera and predict the bacterial gene functions. Results showed that the abundance and diversity of bacteria were significantly higher in Wuyuan sour porridge than that in Hequ sour porridge. All sour porridge samples contained two dominant bacterial phyla, Firmicutes (75.85%) and Proteobacteria (23.31%), and 12 dominant bacterial genera, Lactobacillus (41.95%), Acetobacter (14.10%), Bacillus (6.72%), Clostridium (6.69%), and Pediococcus (5.36%), etc., with a cumulative relative content of 59.19% of lactic acid bacteria. There were significant differences in the contents of Acetobacter and Weissella in the two regional sour porridge samples. The correlation analysis showed that, except for the significant negative correlation between Lactobacillus and Enterococcus, the positive correlation between Clostridium and Weissella, Lactococcus with Acetobacter and Enterococcus, also, Aeromonas and Enterococcus was significant (P<0.01). The gene function prediction results showed higher expression of bacterial gene functions in replication, recombination and repair, amino acid transport and metabolism and translation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis in the two regions of sour porridge, with significant differences (P<0.01) in replication, recombination and repair ,and translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis functions, and all of them were higher in the expression of Wuyuan sour porridge bacterial flora than that of Hequ sour porridge. Thus, there were some differences in the bacterial taxa and structure of Hequ and Wuyuan sour porridge.
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