为了探究一氧化氮(NO)对哈密瓜采后贮藏期的抗氧化作用,该研究以“西州蜜17”为试材,采用外源NO精准熏蒸方法,分析测定哈密瓜生理指标、S-亚硝基化水平和抗氧化指标的变化,从S-亚硝基化水平的角度探讨NO对哈密瓜采后抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环(glutathione-ascorbate cycle,AsA-GSH cycle)的影响。结果表明,NO熏蒸能较好地维持哈密瓜贮藏品质,降低果实H2O2、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量,显著提高果实内源NO和S-亚硝基硫醇(S-nitrosothiols,SNO)含量,抑制S-亚硝基谷胱甘肽还原酶(S-nitrosoglutathione reductase,GSNOR)活性升高。NO熏蒸可以维持较高的抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid,AsA)和脱氢抗坏血酸(dehydroascorbate,DHA)的比值(AsA/DHA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(reduced glutathione,GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(oxidized glutathione,GSSG)的比值(GSH/GSSG)。在整个贮藏期,处理组抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase,APX)、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性高于对照组。NO熏蒸通过提高哈密瓜果实的S-亚硝基化水平,激活了AsA-GSH循环关键酶的活性,提高了清除H2O2的效率,缓解了脂质过氧化,从而维持了哈密瓜采后贮藏品质。
To explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the regulation of the fruit senescence, the physiological change, S-nitrosylation level, and antioxidant system-related assays of postharvest cantaloupe were analyzed. The cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. cv. ‘Xizhoumi 17’) was taken as the material and the influences of NO fumigation on glutathione-ascorbate cycle were studied from the viewpoint of the S-nitrosylation change level. The NO fumigation could maintain the storage quality of cantaloupe and reduce the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA). During the storage period of 96 h, the contents of endogenous NO and S-nitrosothiol (SNO) were promptly increased and the activity of S-nitrosylation glutathione reductase (GSNOR) was reduced by NO. During the storage period of 37 days, the ratios of ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid (AsA/DHA), as well as reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) in the NO group were higher than those in the control group. The enzyme activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), mondehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), mondehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR) in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group during the whole storage period. Results indicated that NO fumigation enhanced the S-nitrosylation, activated the key enzyme activities in the AsA-GSH cycle, and further improved the efficiency of eliminating H2O2 and relieved lipid peroxidation. These findings possibly were the mechanisms of NO in the regulation of the AsA-GSH cycle and contributed to the improvement of the postharvest cantaloupe quality.
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