食品与发酵工业 >

2024 , Vol. 50 >Issue 8: 24 - 30

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.036300

研究报告

原料乳和牧场环境中嗜冷菌多样性及蛋白酶水解特性研究

  • 胡少震 ,
  • 代良超 ,
  • 张书文 ,
  • 吕加平 ,
  • 李莲瑞 ,
  • 逄晓阳
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  • 1(塔里木大学 生命科学与技术学院 动物科学与技术学院,新疆 阿拉尔,843300)
    2(中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,北京,100193)
    3(沈阳农业大学 食品学院,辽宁 沈阳,110866)
第一作者:硕士研究生(李莲瑞教授和逄晓阳研究员为共同通信作者,E-mai:lilianrui51@163.com;pangxiaoyang@163.com)

收稿日期: 2023-05-30

  修回日期: 2023-06-22

  网络出版日期: 2024-06-11

基金资助

国家自然科学基金面上项目(32172190);国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36)

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Diversity and protease hydrolysis characteristics of psychrophilic in raw milk and pasture environment

  • HU Shaozhen ,
  • DAI Liangchao ,
  • ZHANG Shuwen ,
  • LYU Jiaping ,
  • LI Lianrui ,
  • PANG Xiaoyang
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  • 1(College of Life Sciences and Technology, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China)
    2(Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
    3(College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China)

Received date: 2023-05-30

  Revised date: 2023-06-22

  Online published: 2024-06-11

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摘要

为探究原料乳和牧场环境中嗜冷菌多样性及产酶性能,该研究从中国4个地区的规模化牧场采集不同环节的原料乳及牧场环境样品,基于纯培养技术对嗜冷菌进行分离鉴定,分析中国地区嗜冷菌多样性,明确嗜冷菌的污染分布,并进一步对其中的假单胞菌(Pseudomonas)的蛋白酶活力测定及碱性肽酶基因(aprX)进行检测。结果显示,从64份样品中共分离到329株嗜冷菌,归为21个属,76个种。假单胞菌属是牧场中分布最广的污染菌株,占总分离菌株的57.45%,在28 ℃下,61.38%的假单胞菌株能产生蛋白酶,其中高达92.24%的假单胞菌株携带aprX 基因,所产生的蛋白酶经135 ℃处理5 s后仍有21.55%的酶残留率超过60%。该研究牧场中原料乳及牧场环境嗜冷菌种类丰富,产耐热蛋白酶能力较强。

关键词： 假单胞菌; 污染分布; 蛋白酶活力; aprX

本文引用格式

胡少震 , 代良超 , 张书文 , 吕加平 , 李莲瑞 , 逄晓阳 . 原料乳和牧场环境中嗜冷菌多样性及蛋白酶水解特性研究[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2024 , 50(8) : 24 -30 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.036300

Abstract

To explore the diversity and enzyme production of psychrophilic in raw milk and pasture environment, raw milk and habitat samples from different links were collected from large-scale pastures in four regions of China.Based on axenic culture technology, the isolation and identification of psychrophilic were carried out, and the diversity of psychrophilic was analyzed, so as to clarify the pollution distribution of psychrophilic.The protease activity of Pseudomonas and alkaline peptidase gene (aprX) were further detected.Results showed that a total of 329 strains of psychrophilic were isolated from 64 samples, which were classified into 21 genera and 76 species.Pseudomonas was the main polluting strain in the pasture, accounting for 57.45% of the total isolates.At 28 ℃, 61.38% of Pseudomonas strains could produce protease, and up to 92.24% of Pseudomonas strains carried aprX gene.After being treated at 135 ℃ for 5 s, the protease residue rate of 21.55% was more than 60%.In this study, there were many kinds of psychrophilic in raw milk and pasture environment, and the ability of heat-resistant protease production was strong.

Key words： Pseudomonas; pollution distribution; protease activity; aprX

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