该研究主要探讨岩藻黄素(fucoxanthin,Fu)的降脂作用及初步机制。以50 mmol/L葡萄糖诱导建立秀丽隐杆线虫高脂肪模型,观察Fu对高脂线虫的甘油三酯含量(triglyceride,TG)、脂肪沉积、生长发育、运动行为、寿命、抗氧化酶活力的影响,进一步通过荧光实时定量PCR测定与脂肪代谢有关的关键基因转录水平。结果表明,与模型组相比,50、75和100 mg/L 的Fu均能显著降低线虫的TG,减少脂肪沉积,其中100 mg/L Fu的作用最强,与空白组接近,为(0.75±0.050)mmoL/g prot,并能够改善高脂线虫的体长体宽、头部摆动频率和身体弯曲频率,高浓度Fu干预还能显著增加高脂线虫的平均寿命10.28%(P＜0.05)和最长寿命(21 d);与模型组相比,不同浓度Fu处理均能够显著增加线虫体内的超氧化物歧化酶和还原性谷胱甘肽水平,最多分别提高了127.17%和265.14%(P<0.05)。在75 mg/L Fu干预后,线虫体内脂肪代谢相关关键基因daf-2、daf-16、cpt-2、mdt-15、acs-2、spb-1、tph-1、fat-5转录水平产生了显著变化(P＜0.05)。因此,Fu对高脂线虫具有降脂作用,能改善高脂带来的多种不利影响,具有体内抗氧化作用,其机制涉及复杂的多个信号通路。
In present study, the lipid-lowering effects of fucoxanthin (Fu) and its preliminary mechanisms were explored.The hyperadipose model of Caenorhabditis elegans was established by induction of 50 mmol/L glucose to observe the effects of Fu on triglyceride content (TG), fat deposition, growth and development, motor behavior, longevity and antioxidant enzyme activity of C.elegans.In further, the transcriptional levels of key genes related to fat metabolism were determined by fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR.Results showed that compared with the model group, 50 mg/L, 75 mg/L, and 100 mg/L Fu significantly reduced TG and fat deposition in C.elegans, among which 100 mg/L Fu had the strongest effect close to that of the blank group [(0.75±0.050) mmoL/g prot)].Similarly, 50,75,and 100 mg/L Fu improved the body length and width, head wagging frequency and body bending frequency of high-fat C.elegans. High-concentration Fu intervention significantly increased the average life span of high-fat C.elegans by 10.28% (P<0.05) and the longest life span (21 days).Compared with the model group, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels in C.elegans treated with different concentrations of Fu were significantly increased by 127.17% and 265.14% (P<0.05) respectively.Compared with the model group, different concentrations of Fu treatment significantly increased the SOD and GSH levels in C.elegans with the highest enhancements of 127.17% and 265.14%, respectively.After 75 mg/L Fu intervention, the transcription levels of key genes related to fat metabolism in C.elegans including daf-2, daf-16, cpt-2, mdt-15, acs-2, spb-1, tph-1, and FAT-5 were significantly changed (P＜0.05).In conclusion, Fu has lipid-lowering effect on high-fat C.elegans, can ameliorate various adverse effects caused by hyperlipiditis, has an antioxidant effect in vivo, and its underlying mechanism involves complex signaling pathways.
[1] 潘东进, 李嘉英, 梁莉芬, 等.岩藻黄素降脂活性及其作用机制研究进展[J].广西科学, 2021, 28(6):588-598.
PAN D J, LI J Y, LIANG L F, et al.Research progress on lipid lowering activity and mechanism of fucoxanthin[J].Guangxi Sciences, 2021, 28(6):588-598.
[2] OLIYAEI N, TANIDEH N, MOOSAVI-NASAB M, et al.Development and characterization of a fucoidan-based nanoemulsion using Nigella sativa oil for improvement of anti-obesity activity of fucoxanthin in an obese rat model[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023, 235:123867.
[3] QIANG X, GUO C L, GU W H, et al.The complex of phycobiliproteins, fucoxanthin, and krill oil ameliorates obesity through modulation of lipid metabolism and antioxidants in obese rats[J].Nutrients, 2022, 14(22):4815.
[4] 杨文清. 秀丽隐杆线虫模型在抗衰老领域的研究进展[J].工业微生物, 2024, 54(3):71-73.
YANG W Q.Research progress of the application of C.elegans model in the field of anti-aging[J].Industrial Microbiology, 2024, 54(3):71-73.
[5] 冯亚芳, 米生权.秀丽隐杆线虫在降脂类生物活性物质功能评价中的应用研究进展[J].食品工业科技, 2017, 38(19):346-351.
FENG Y F, MI S Q.Research progress on application of Caenorhabditis elegans in function evaluation of lipid-lowering bioactive substances[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2017, 38(19):346-351.
[6] 张培丽, 陈雪香, 王群, 等.桑葚多糖T3-3分离及秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老活性研究[J].天津中医药大学学报, 2017, 36(2):136-141.
ZHANG P L, CHEN X X, WANG Q, et al.Optimization of the extracting parameters of mulberry polysaccharide and its anti-aging activity study[J].Journal of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2017, 36(2):136-141.
[7] 安苗青, 徐雅囡, 卓倩婷, 等.龟鹿二仙胶对秀丽隐杆线虫体内抗衰老作用研究[J].广州中医药大学学报, 2022, 39(8):1863-1870.
AN M Q, XU Y N, ZHUO Q T, et al.Study on the anti-aging effect of Guilu Erxian Jiao on Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo[J].Journal of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2022, 39(8):1863-1870.
[8] 魏润霞, 卢虹玉, 秦小明, 等.牡蛎提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫的抗衰老作用研究[J].食品与发酵工业, 2024, 50(1):52-58.
WEI R X, LU H Y, QIN X M, et al.Anti-aging effects of oyster extracts on Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Food and Fermentation Industries, 2024, 50(1):52-58.
[9] 姜璠. 火麻油中大麻素及其生物活性研究[D].无锡:江南大学, 2021.
JIANG F.Study on cannabinoids and their bioactivities in hemp oil[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University, 2021.
[10] DENG L, DENHAM J, ARYA C, et al.Inhibition underlies fast undulatory locomotion in C.elegans[J].eNeuro, 2020,8(2).
[11] 蔡佳琦, 秦小明, 卢虹玉, 等.鲍鱼肌肉酶解产物对秀丽隐杆线虫的抗衰老作用研究[J].食品与发酵工业, 2023, 49(12):106-112.
CAI J Q, QIN X M, LU H Y, et al.Anti-aging effect of Abalone muscle enzymatic hydrolysate on Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Food and Fermentation Industries, 2023, 49(12):106-112.
[12] 张晓寒, 赵江, 韩英, 等.根皮素对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的影响[J].食品科学, 2021, 42(1):187-196.
ZHANG X H, ZHAO J, HAN Y, et al.Effect of phloretin on lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans[J].Food Science, 2021, 42(1):187-196.
[13] RAJENDRAN P, ALZAHRANI A M.Fucoxanthin suppresses OxLDL-induced inflammation via activation of Nrf2 and inhibition of NF-κB signaling[J].Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2022, 12(5):207-215.
[14] 白娟, 张金富, 张佩熙, 等.苦瓜皂苷对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命的影响及其机制研究[J].食品科学, 2022, 43(7):165-173.
BAI J, ZHANG J F, ZHANG P X, et al.Effect of saponin from bitter melon (Momordica charantia) on the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans and its mechanism[J].Food Science, 2022, 43(7):165-173.
[15] 齐佳, 崔艳君, 王广策, 等.岩藻黄素对H2O2诱导BNL CL.2细胞氧化损伤保护作用研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 49(1):63-68.
QI J, CUI Y J, WANG G C, et al.Protective effect of fucoxanthin against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in BNL CL.2 cells[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2019, 49(1):63-68.
[16] 陈龙. 反式肉桂醛降低秀丽线虫脂质累积及对衰老影响[D].南京:南京大学, 2021.
CHEN L.Reduction of lipid accumulation and effects on senescence by trans-cinnamaldehyde in Hidradenitis elegans[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University, 2021.
