This study aimed to investigate the preparation and functional properties of polypeptides derived from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen with varying molecular weights.This study screened suitable hydrolysis conditions for Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and isolated polypeptides with different molecular weights (ZSSPP-I, ZSSPP-Ⅱ, ZSSPP-Ⅲ, and ZSSPP-Ⅳ) through the use of ultrafiltration.Various functional characteristics of each polypeptide component were examined, including the solubility, oil absorption, foaming ability, foaming stability, emulsification ability, and emulsification stability of each polypeptide component were studied.The relationship between these functional characteristics and molecular weight, as well as temperature and pH, were analyzed.The polypeptides prepared by acid hydrolysis were mainly composed of components with a molecular weight of less than 3 kDa, while those produced through enzymatic hydrolysis displayed more balanced molecular weight distributions.The study showed that the functional characteristics of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen polypeptides with different molecular weights exhibited distinct functional characteristics.ZSSPP-I (molecular weight greater than 10 kDa) demonstrated superior solubility, oil absorption, foaming and emulsification properties, while ZSSPP-Ⅳ (molecular weight less than 3 kDa) showed the best foam stability and emulsification stability.Results indicated that polypeptides with different molecular weights could be efficiently prepared from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen using either or acid hydrolysis.ZSSPP-I and ZSSPP-Ⅳ possess substantial potential for development, which can provide a reference for further research and application of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen polypeptides.
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