便秘是世界范围内的主要胃肠道症状之一,其形成原因多样,需要有效和安全的治疗措施。该研究采用盐酸洛哌丁胺构建便秘模型,使用两歧双歧杆菌B1干预小鼠4周,确定了其在便秘缓解上发挥着良好的作用。并进一步对相关的便秘指标、肠腔内的短链脂肪酸代谢物以及肠道微生物群在其中介导的作用进行了评估。结果表明,两歧双歧杆菌B1通过提高肠道内 Ruminococcaceae UCG-010、Staphylococcus属的相对丰度,降低A2、Lachnoclostridium、Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002、Desulfovibrio属的相对丰度,提高粪便中乙酸和异戊酸的水平,从而提高兴奋性胃肠递质乙酰胆碱、五羟色胺、胃泌素的水平,降低神经型一氧化氮合酶的水平,并提升宿主的抗氧化能力(提升超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力),从而改善排便频率及粪便性状,缓解便秘。
Constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal symptoms worldwide, with a variety of causes requiring effective and safe therapeutic measures.In this study, a constipation model was established using loperamide hydrochloride, and a 4-week intervention with Bifidobacterium bifidum B1 in mice was found to play a beneficial role in alleviating constipation.Relevant indicators of constipation, short-chain fatty acid metabolites in the gut lumen, and the role of the gut microbiota in mediating them were further evaluated.Results showed that Bifidobacterium bifidum B1 increased the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 and Staphylococcus, decreased the relative abundance of A2, Lachnoclostridium, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, and Desulfovibrio in the intestinal lumen, and increased the levels of acetic acid and isovaleric acid in faeces.These changes thereby increased the levels of excitatory gastrointestinal neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, serotonin, and gastrin, accompanied by a decrease in the level of the inhibitory neurotransmitter synthase neuronal nitric oxide synthase.Furthermore, it enhanced the host’s antioxidant capacity by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase.Collectively, these alterations contributed to improvements in defecation frequency and stool characteristics, ultimately alleviating constipation symptoms.
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