食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 14: 35 - 47

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041279

研究报告

基于非靶向代谢组学分析青海不同地区牦牛酸奶代谢产物的差异

  • 任海佳 ,
  • 吴海玥 ,
  • 付石军 ,
  • 胡蓉 ,
  • 闫忠心 ,
  • 项洋
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  • 1(青海大学 农牧学院,青海 西宁,810016)
    2(青海大学 畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁,810016)
    3(山东省滨州畜牧兽医研究院,山东 滨州,256600)
    4(青海省牦牛工程技术研究中心,青海 西宁,810016)
第一作者: 硕士研究生(闫忠心副研究员为通信作者,E-mail:yzx990019@163.com)

收稿日期: 2024-10-12

  修回日期: 2024-12-04

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-01

基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1602304,2022YFD1602308)山东省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZX2023015)青海省“昆仑英才·科技领军人才”计划项目(2023)科技特派员专项(2024-NK-P23)

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Analysis of metabolite differences in yak yogurt from different regions of Qinghai province based on non-targeted metabolomics

  • REN Haijia ,
  • WU Haiyue ,
  • FU Shijun ,
  • HU Rong ,
  • YAN Zhongxin ,
  • XIANG Yang
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  • 1(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)
    2(Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)
    3(Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou 256600, China)
    4(Qinghai Yak Engineering and Technology Research Centre, Xining 810016, China)

Received date: 2024-10-12

  Revised date: 2024-12-04

  Online published: 2025-08-01

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摘要

为探究青海不同地区传统发酵酸奶的代谢物差异及机制,该研究采用液相色谱-质谱联用非靶向代谢组学技术,研究了青海省不同地区牦牛酸奶的代谢物差异,并结合多元统计分析法和通路分析,以变量投影重要性(variable importance in projection, VIP)值≥1和P<0.05筛选显著差异代谢物。结果表明,青海玉树(Y)、果洛(G)、海北(B)、海南(N)4个地区的24份牦牛酸奶中共有显著差异代谢物325个,其含量组成以脂类和类脂分子、有机酸及其衍生物、有机杂环化合物为主,占总显著差异代谢物的67.40%。显著差异代谢物KEGG富集分析表明,共有186条代谢途径,以校正后P值筛选前30条代谢途径,其显著差异代谢物主要富集在代谢途径、辅助因子的生物合成、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢和昼夜节律、嘌呤代谢、氨基酸的生物合成、ABC转运体等途径中。青海省不同地区牦牛酸奶代谢差异机制不同,研究结果为提高传统发酵乳制品的品质提供理论依据。

关键词： 牦牛酸奶; 差异代谢物; 代谢途径; 非靶向代谢组学

本文引用格式

任海佳 , 吴海玥 , 付石军 , 胡蓉 , 闫忠心 , 项洋 . 基于非靶向代谢组学分析青海不同地区牦牛酸奶代谢产物的差异[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(14) : 35 -47 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041279

Abstract

To explore the differences in metabolites of traditional fermented yogurt from various regions of Qinghai province and their underlying mechanisms, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry non-targeted metabolomics technology was employed.This study investigated the metabolic variations in yak yogurt sourced from different areas within Qinghai province, utilizing multivariate statistical analysis and pathway analysis.Significant differential metabolites were identified based on variable importance in projection (VIP≥1) and P-values (P<0.05).Results indicated that among 24 samples of yak yogurt collected from four regions, including Yushu (Y), Guoluo (G), Haibei (B), and Hainan (N), a total of 325 significant differential metabolites were shared across these samples.The composition primarily consisted of lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and their derivatives, as well as organic heterocyclic compounds, which accounted for 67.40 % of all significant differential metabolites.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed a total of 186 metabolic pathways associated with these significant differential metabolites, and after correction for multiple testing, the top 30 pathways were selected based on adjusted P-values.Notably, the significant differential metabolites were predominantly enriched in pathways related to metabolism processes, biosynthesis of cofactors, arginine and proline metabolism, circadian rhythm regulation, purine metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and ABC transporters among others.The distinct mechanisms underlying metabolite differences in yak yogurt from various regions within Qinghai provide a theoretical basis for enhancing the quality of traditional fermented dairy products.

Key words： yak yogurt; differential metabolites; metabolic pathways; non-targeted metabolomics

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