食品与发酵工业 >

2025 , Vol. 51 >Issue 15: 303 - 312

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041019

研究报告

梨渣的营养成分及抗氧化性分析

  • 田夏雨 ,
  • 张楠 ,
  • 程玉豆 ,
  • 王永霞 ,
  • 关军锋
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  • 1(河北工程大学 生命科学与食品工程学院,河北 邯郸,056000)
    2(河北省农林科学院,生物技术与食品科学研究所,河北 石家庄,050051)
第一作者:硕士研究生(王永霞教授和关军锋研究员为共同通信作者,E-mail:wyxhd2004@126.com;junfeng-guan@263.net)

收稿日期: 2024-09-11

  修回日期: 2024-12-02

  网络出版日期: 2025-08-22

基金资助

国家财政部、农业农村部现代农业产业(梨)技术体系资助项目(CARS-28-23)

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Analysis of nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of pear pomace

  • TIAN Xiayu ,
  • ZHANG Nan ,
  • CHENG Yudou ,
  • WANG Yongxia ,
  • GUAN Junfeng
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  • 1(College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, China)
    2(Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051, China)

Received date: 2024-09-11

  Revised date: 2024-12-02

  Online published: 2025-08-22

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摘要

梨渣是梨加工过程中常见的副产物,其利用价值值得深入研究。该文选取了6个品种梨果渣,对其营养组成和抗氧化能力进行测定,并用主成分分析法进行综合评价。结果表明,6个品种梨渣的脂肪、蛋白质、总膳食纤维含量范围分别为0.36~1.44、1.67~4.22、50.97~68.2 g/100 g,其中,鸭梨和黄冠梨渣脂肪含量较高,秋月梨和黄冠梨渣蛋白质含量较高,安梨渣总膳食纤维含量最高。梨渣总氨基酸含量平均值为1.64 g/100 g,必需氨基酸占总氨基酸含量的32.6%~36.3%,接近FAO/WHO模式蛋白。4种可溶性总糖含量最高的是秋月梨渣(351.96 mg/g)。分析的9种有机酸中,黄冠梨渣总有机酸含量最高为6.54 mg/g。安梨、玉露香和黄冠梨渣总酚和总黄酮含量较高,与其DPPH自由基清除率和羟自由基清除率较高相对应。矿质元素分析发现梨渣有低钠(平均为24.46 mg/kg)高钾(平均为7 466.72 mg/kg)的特点。梨渣品质综合评价排名由高到低为黄冠、秋月、玉露香、鸭梨、雪花、安梨渣。不同品种梨渣品质存在一定差异,黄冠梨渣各营养成分含量均处于较高水平。该研究发现梨渣营养成分全面,可为梨果渣的进一步应用和开发提供理论依据。

关键词： 梨渣; 蛋白质; 膳食纤维; 总黄酮; 总酚; 抗氧化活性

本文引用格式

田夏雨 , 张楠 , 程玉豆 , 王永霞 , 关军锋 . 梨渣的营养成分及抗氧化性分析[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2025 , 51(15) : 303 -312 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.041019

Abstract

Pear pomace is a by-product obtained during pear processing.The study evaluated the nutrient composition and antioxidant activity of six different pear pomaces from ‘Yali', ‘Huangguan', ‘Xuehua', ‘Akizuki', ‘Yuluxiang', and ‘Anli'.Additionally, a comprehensive analysis was conducted using principal component analysis.The results showed that the contents of fat, protein, and total dietary fiber were 0.36-1.44, 1.67-4.22, and 50.97-68.2 g/100 g, respectively.Among them, ‘Yali' and ‘Huangguan' pear pomace exhibited high-fat content, ‘Akizuki' and ‘Huangguan' pear pomace exhibited high-protein content, and ‘Anli' pear pomace exhibited the highest dietary fiber content.The average content of total amino acids in pear pomace was 1.64 g/100 g, with essential amino acids accounting for 32.6%-36.3% of total amino acids, which was close to the FAO/WHO model protein.‘Akizuki' pear pomace exhibited the highest total soluble sugar content (351.96 mg/g) among six pear pomaces.The highest organic acids content was observed in ‘Huangguan' pear pomace (6.54 mg/g).‘Anli', ‘Yuluxiang', and ‘Huangguan' pear pomaces exhibited high levels of total phenol and total flavonoid content, which was consistent with the high DPPH radical scavenging and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.The mineral element analysis showed that pear pomace conformed to a high K (average 7 466.72 mg/kg) and low Na (average 24.46 mg/kg) profile.Comprehensive analysis of pear pomace quality followed the sequence:‘Huangguan' > ‘Akizuki' > ‘Yuluxiang' > ‘Yali' > ‘Xuehua' > ‘Anli'.The nutrient composition varied among different pear cultivars, with relatively high levels of most nutrients observed in the ‘Huangguan' pear pomace.These results suggest that the pear pomace contains various nutrients, providing a theoretical basis for its further application and development.

Key words： pear pomace; protein; dietary fiber; total flavonoids; total phenols; antioxidant activity

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