食品与发酵工业 >

2026 , Vol. 52 >Issue 14: 88 - 97

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044374

研究报告

羊肚菌糖蛋白基料高效制备及活性评价

  • 谷懿潇 ,
  • 李文 ,
  • 陈万超 ,
  • 张忠 ,
  • 吴迪 ,
  • 刘朋 ,
  • 杨焱
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  • 1(上海海洋大学 食品学院,上海, 201306)
    2(上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海, 201403)
第一作者:硕士研究生(李文研究员和杨焱研究员为共同通信作者,E-mail:liwen@saas.sh.cn;yangyan@saas.sh.cn)

收稿日期: 2025-09-02

  修回日期: 2025-11-26

  网络出版日期: 2026-08-21

基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2023YFF1103401)

收起

Efficient preparation and activity evaluation of Morchella esculenta glycoprotein base material

  • GU Yixiao ,
  • LI Wen ,
  • CHEN Wanchao ,
  • ZHANG Zhong ,
  • WU Di ,
  • LIU Peng ,
  • YANG Yan
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  • 1(College of Food Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)
    2(Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China)

Received date: 2025-09-02

  Revised date: 2025-11-26

  Online published: 2026-08-21

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摘要

为探究羊肚菌糖蛋白基料的制备工艺和潜在的生物活性,采用生物酶水解法制备了羊肚菌糖蛋白基料,并对基料的蛋白、多糖成分含量、氨基酸及单糖组成及降压、抗氧化、降脂等功能活性进行了分析和评价。通过单因素和响应面优化,获得了基料的最优制备工艺,即酶解时间56 min,果胶酶加酶量7%(质量分数),料液比1∶30(g∶mL),酶解温度53 ℃;在此条件下,基料中蛋白含量为(702.3±1.06) mg/g,多糖含量为(153.5±0.09) mg/g。基料含有17种氨基酸,总量为140.19 mg/g,必需氨基酸总量为37.89 mg/g。基料的单糖组成主要为葡萄糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖胺和半乳糖,总量为208.55 mg/g。基料DPPH自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基清除IC50值分别为0.082 7、0.261 1 mg/mL,血管紧张素转化酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)IC50值为0.011 5 mg/mL,具有较好的抗氧化和降压活性。此外,基料还具有α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制、胆固醇酯酶抑制和胆酸盐吸附等作用,具有潜在的降糖、降脂活性。质谱鉴定结果显示,基料中存在2种糖蛋白分子,单糖以O-连接糖基化方式,结合在蛋白分子中的丝氨酸和苏氨酸上。分子对接结果显示,糖蛋白分子以高亲和力与ACE受体结合发挥抑制活性。该研究为羊肚菌糖蛋白基料的开发应用提供理论依据。

关键词： 羊肚菌; 糖蛋白; 响应面法; 制备; 抗氧化; 降血压; 分子对接

本文引用格式

谷懿潇 , 李文 , 陈万超 , 张忠 , 吴迪 , 刘朋 , 杨焱 . 羊肚菌糖蛋白基料高效制备及活性评价[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2026 , 52(14) : 88 -97 . DOI: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.044374

Abstract

To systematically investigate the preparation process and potential biological activities of Morchella esculenta glycoprotein base material, a biological enzyme hydrolysis approach was adopted to prepare the M.esculenta glycoprotein base material.A comprehensive analysis and evaluation were performed, covering the contents of protein and polysaccharide components, amino acid and monosaccharide profiles, as well as functional activities including antihypertensive, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects.Single-factor experiments combined with response surface methodology (RSM) were utilized to determine the optimal preparation parameters for the glycoprotein-based material.The optimized conditions were as follows:enzymatic hydrolysis time of 56 min, pectinase dosage of 7%, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶30 (g∶mL), and hydrolysis temperature of 53 ℃.Under these optimized conditions, the resulting base material exhibited a protein content of (702.3±1.06) mg/g and a polysaccharide content of (153.5±0.09) mg/g.Amino acid analysis revealed the presence of 17 amino acids in the base material, with a total content of 140.19 mg/g, among which the total essential amino acids amounted to 37.89 mg/g.The monosaccharide composition of the base material is dominated by glucose, mannose, glucosamine, and galactose, with a total content of 208.55 mg/g.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the base material for DPPH free radical and ABTS cationic radical scavenging activities were 0.082 7 mg/mL and 0.261 1 mg/mL, respectively.Meanwhile, its IC50 value for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was 0.011 5 mg/mL, indicating promising antioxidant and antihypertensive activities.Additionally, the base material exhibited significant α-glucosidase inhibition, cholesterol esterase inhibition, and bile salt adsorption capacities, suggesting potential hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering effects.MS analysis identified two glycoprotein molecules in the base material, confirming that monosaccharides were linked to the serine and threonine residues of protein molecules via O-glycosylation.Molecular docking studies revealed that the glycoprotein molecules exhibited high-affinity binding to the ACE receptor, thereby exerting inhibitory activity.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the development and application of M.esculenta glycoprotein-based materials.

Key words： Morchella esculenta; glycoprotein; response surface methodology; preparation; antioxidant; lowering of blood pressure; molecular docking

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