采用Illumina MiseqTM高通量测序技术结合传统检测方法,对4 ℃下贮藏的鲜切菠菜在贮藏过程中存在的腐败菌进行研究。结果表明:在科的分类标准下,在贮存初期,假单胞菌科和肠杆菌科为优势菌科,丰度分别占比48.99%、48.62%,从菌群变化的角度来看,随着贮藏时间的推移,假单胞菌科的丰度从初始丰度的48.99%到贮藏末期的70.27%;而肠杆菌科则从初始丰度的48.62%不断递减至21.75%。此时,假单胞菌科为贮藏末期的优势菌科;在属的分类标准下,假单胞菌属、泛菌属为贮存初期的优势菌属,丰度分别占比47.84%、30.7%,欧文氏菌属、布丘氏菌为次优势菌,丰度为8.09%和4.64%;贮存中期,假单胞菌属为优势菌属,其丰度上升至58.25%,而泛菌属丰度下降至13.94%,欧文氏菌属丰度基本保持不变达8.69%、布丘氏菌属丰度小幅上升至9.73%;在贮存末期,假单胞菌属占绝对优势,丰度占比68.97%,而泛菌属丰度仅占5.4%,欧文氏菌属占比10.7%,布丘氏菌属占比4%,假单胞菌属成为优势腐败菌属。高通量检测技术和传统检测方法相比,在鉴定样品DNA组成成分时可精确定量,提高了精度,节约了时间。
In order to analyze the types and quantities of spoilage bacteria in fresh-cut spinach stored at 4 ℃, high-throughput sequencing and traditional methods (physiological, biochemical, and morphological characterization) were used. The results showed that at early stage of storage, Pseudomonadaceae (48.99% abundance) and Enterobacteriaceae (48.62% abundance) were dominant species. Moreover, the abundance of Pseudomonadaceae rose to 70.27% at the end of storage while the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae decreased to 21.75%, therefore, Pseudomonadaceae was dominant at the end of storage. Furthermore, Pseudomonas and Pantoea were dominant bacteria during early storage period, as their abundances reached 47.84% and 30.7%, respectively. Erwinia and Buttiauxella were the second dominant bacteria with abundances of 8.09% and 4.64%, respectively. At middle stage of storage, the abundances of Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Erwinia, and Buttiauxella reached 58.25%, 13.94%, 8.69%, and 9.73%, respectively. At the end of storage, Pseudomonas was dominant and accounted for 68.97%, while Pantoea, Erwinia, and Buttiauxella only accounted for 5.4%, 10.7%, and 4%, respectively. Therefore, Pseudomonas was the main dominant spoilage bacteria. Additionally, compared with traditional methods, high-throughput detection technology can accurately quantify and identify DNA components, and also improve precisions and save time.
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