以重庆地区销售的本地主栽7种、同期市场外调2种(对照)鲜食葡萄果实为试材,通过比较19 项与果实理化营养品质、加工制汁品质和商业品质相关的性状指标,并应用层次分析-逼近理想解排序联合(analytic hierarchy process-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution, AHP-TOPSIS)、聚类分析的方法,综合评价重庆地区鲜食葡萄的品质。结果表明:通过AHP分析,鲜食葡萄商业品质权重(0.625)高于加工制汁品质(0.239)、理化营养品质(0.137),其中果实风味、单果重、硬度、出汁率、糖酸比、乙醇含量是影响品质的主要因素,其权重依次为0.267、0.162、0.103、0.102、0.058、0.052;9种鲜食葡萄综合品质TOPSIS排序结果与专家鉴评结果吻合,秩相关系数达0.867,该评价方法较可靠;聚类分析将葡萄分为3类,优选出综合品质优良的鲜食葡萄品种5个,其中本地“阳光玫瑰”、“夏黑”、“巨玫瑰”、“巨峰”综合品质佳。
In order to provide a scientific guidance for developing grape industries in Chongqing, seven varieties of table grapes that were planted locally and two varieties that were transferred from other region were collected as test materials. Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate 19 indexes that were related to physiochemical and nutritional quality, juice quality, and commercial quality of ready-to-eat grapes. The results showed that the weight of commercial quality (0.625) was higher than that of juice quality (0.239) and nutritional quality (0.137). Besides, fruit flavor (0.267), single fruit weight (0.162), hardness (0.103), juice yield (0.102), sugar-acid ratio (0.058), and ethanol content (0.052) were the main factors that affected the quality of ready-to-eat grapes. The comprehensive quality of tested nine varieties of grapes was sorted by TOPSIS and the results were consistent with the evaluation results from experts, with the rank correlation coefficient being 0.867, indicated that the evaluation method was reliable. Lastly, cluster analysis revealed that local ‘Sunshine-rose’, ‘Summer-black’, ‘Giant-rose’ and ‘Kyoho’ had good comprehensive quality.
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