为了探讨超高压(350 MPa/10 min)结合2.0 %(质量分数)壳聚糖涂膜处理板栗的贮藏效果,测定了超高压和壳聚糖涂膜单独处理以及两者结合使用时板栗贮藏期间的呼吸强度、淀粉含量、质量损失率、腐烂率以及虫果率的变化情况。结果表明,超高压和壳聚糖涂膜处理均能显著降低板栗呼吸强度和腐烂率,减缓淀粉降解,且超高压处理效果更强;超高压处理是降低虫果率的主要因素,但对抑制水分蒸发无明显效果,壳聚糖涂膜是抑制水分蒸发的主要因素,但无杀虫效果;超高压和壳聚糖涂膜结合处理板栗,能在抑制呼吸、杀菌、灭虫、减缓淀粉降解以及减轻质量损失等方面产生显著的协同互补效应,从而提高板栗贮藏效果。因此,在2~10 ℃下贮藏120 d,板栗腐烂率为5.21 %,虫果率2.82 %,质量损失率4.73 %,贮藏效果优良。
关键词：
板栗; 超高压; 壳聚糖; 涂膜; 保藏
In order to evaluate the effect of ultra-high pressure(350MPa/10min)combined with 2.0% chitosan coating treatment on the storage quality of Chinese chestnuts, this study determines the changes in respiratory intensity, starch content, decay rate, weight loss rate and pest-infected fruit rate during single treatment of ultra-high pressure and chitosan coating as well as the combination of two treatments. It was found that the chestnuts showed good storage results when stored at temperatures of 2-10 ℃ for 120 days, with the decay rate of 5.21 %, the pest-infected fruit rate of 2.82 %, and the weight loss rate of 4.73 %. The results indicated that ultra-high pressure and chitosan coating were significantly effective in reducing respiratory intensity, fruit decaying and starch degradations, of which the effect of ultra-high pressure was better than chitosan coating in this regard. Ultra-high pressure mainly contributed to the reduce of pest-infected fruit rate, but had no obvious effect on preventing water loss. On the other hand, chitosan coating was the primary factor to reduce water loss, but did not affect disinfestation. However, a combination of both two treatments produced significant synergistic and complementary effects in inhibiting breathing, sterilization, disinfestation, reducing starch degradation and reducing quality loss, thus improving chestnut storage effect.
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