为筛选优良的蓝莓种植品种,采用气相色谱-质谱联用等方法,对胶东地区4个主栽蓝莓品种进行果实品质和芳香物质差异分析。结果表明,蓝丰果型最为扁圆,百粒重、pH值最高;莱格西类黄酮含量最高,是蓝丰的2.41倍;珠宝可溶性固形物和还原糖含量均显著高于其他品种,其还原糖含量甚至达到莱格西的2.18倍;绿宝石的总酚达13.11,比蓝丰显著提高29.10 %,花色苷含量达2.26 mg/g,比珠宝和莱格西显著提高42.51%、49.69%,是蓝丰的2.66倍。所测品种芳香物质均以醇类、酯类和醛酮类为主,蓝丰的芳香物质种类最多,为56种,绿宝石芳香物质总量最高,为1 605.65 μg/L,珠宝次之,莱格西的芳香物质种类和含量均最低。隶属函数分析显示,珠宝得分最高,绿宝石次之。因此,可考虑将珠宝和绿宝石作为胶东地区鲜食和酿酒蓝莓种植品种的首选,进行推广。
In order to select an excellent variety of blueberry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS) was used to analyse the differences of fruit quality and aromatic substances of 4 blueberries in the Jiaodong Peninsula. The result showed that the fruit shape of Bluecrop was the most oblate, with the highest 100-grain weight and pH value. The flavonoid content of Legacy was the highest, which was 2.41 times higher than that of Bluecrop. The content of total soluble solids (TSS) and reducing sugar was the highest, and the reducing sugar content reaching 2.18 times of that of Legacy. The total phenol content of Emerald was 13.11 mg/g, 29.10% higher than that of Bluecrop; and its anthocyanin content was 2.26 mg/g, 42.51% and 49.69% higher than that of Jewelry and Legacy, and 2.66 times higher than that of Bluecrop. Esters, aldehydes and ketones were the primary aromatic substances in the tested varieties. Among them, the varieties of aromatic substance in Bluecrop (56) was the most, while the total amount of aromatic substances in Emerald(160 5.65 μg/L) was the highest, followed by Jewelry, and Legacy scored the lowest both in the varieties and the amount. The membership function analysis showed that the Jewelry scored the highest, followed by Emerald. Therefore, Jewelry and Emerald could be considered as the first choice of blueberry varieties for fresh food and wine in the Jiaodong area.
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