以玉米醇溶蛋白和卵磷脂为原料,通过反溶剂法制备包含槲皮素的纳米颗粒,并对其理化及氧化特性进行研究。红外光谱结果表明玉米醇溶蛋白、卵磷脂和槲皮素间主要以氢键、静电和疏水吸引相互作用,并随着卵磷脂比例增加,包合物中开始出现其特征吸收峰。差示扫描结果表明,与单一玉米醇溶蛋白相比,玉米醇溶蛋白-卵磷脂复合纳米粒子显著提高了槲皮素对热处理的稳定性。包埋槲皮素的玉米醇溶蛋白-卵磷脂纳米颗粒近球形,随着卵磷脂质量比的增加,粒径和多分散系数(polydispersity coefficient, PDI)减小,电势点位负值低,更稳定,且质量比为1∶2和2∶3时放置30 d无明显变化。当质量比为1∶2时,包封率最大,为73.2%,装载率2.9%,且热稳定较强,总抗氧化性能优,达34.62%。由此表明,质量比为1∶2的玉米醇溶蛋白-卵磷脂复合纳米颗粒可作为槲皮素的有效载体用于其活性的保护与长效利用。
The quercetin-containing nanoparticles were prepared by anti-solvent method using zein and lecithin as raw materials, and their physicochemical and antioxidative characteristics were studied. The FTIR analysis showed that zein, lecithin and quercetin were mainly interacted by hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic attraction, and as the proportion of lecithin increased, the characteristic absorption peak began to appear in the inclusion complex. The DSC indicated that zein-lecithin composite nanoparticles significantly improved the stability of quercetin compared to the single encapsulated quercetin zein after heat treatment. The zein-lecithin nanoparticles embedded in quercetin were nearly spherical, and as the mass ratio of lecithin increased, the particle size and PDI(Polydispersity coefficient)decreased, and the zeta value was lower and more stable. There was no significant change in the mass ratio of 1∶2 and 2∶3 for 30 days. When the mass ratio was 1∶2, the encapsulation efficiency reached a maximum of 73.2%, the loading rate was 2.9%, its thermal stability was high, and the total antioxidant performance was excellent, reaching 34.62%. Results indicate that the zein-lecithin composite nanoparticles with a mass ratio of 1∶2 could be used as an effective carrier for quercetin for the protection and long-term utilization of its activity.
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