内蒙古黄河鲤鱼资源丰富,生长环境温度低,黄河鲤鱼鳞片的胶原具有独特的结构性能。该文探索了内蒙古鲤鱼鳞片胶原的提取工艺并对其结构性能进行了研究。采用醋酸和胃蛋白酶联合作用,提取内蒙古黄河鲤鱼鳞片中的胶原。通过单因素和正交试验考察了醋酸浓度、酶用量、提取时间等实验条件对胶原提取量的影响。通过过氧化氢法测定胶原的羟脯氨酸含量、采用傅里叶红外光谱、圆二色谱、示差扫描量热仪、十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、扫描电镜对胶原的结构和性能进行观察和分析。结果表明,内蒙古黄河鲤鱼鳞片在0.75 mol/L的醋酸溶液中,添加鱼鳞干重质量15%的胃蛋白酶,提取48 h能够获得收率为4.2%的胶原。对胶原结构和性能分析发现,胶原中羟脯氨酸的含量为7.31%,胶原分子结构完整,保留了原有的螺旋结构和卷曲折叠等高级构象。鱼鳞胶原的变性温度低于牛胶原蛋白,分子质量约为420 kDa,微观形貌较牛胶原更加光滑平整。研究开发的内蒙古地区鲤鱼鳞片胶原的提取工艺对温度敏感和均匀度要求较高的胶原基材料应用领域具有重要的参考价值,为内蒙古地区黄河流域渔业资源的利用和发展提供了新思路。
The carp is rich in the Inner Mongolian Yellow River watershed which has a low environmental temperature.Because of the special circumstances, the collagen of the Yellow River carp scale has unique structural properties.In this paper, the extraction process of collagen from carp scales in Inner Mongolia was explored and its structural properties were studied.Collagen was extracted from carp scales of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia by acetic acid and pepsin.The effects of acetic acid concentration, enzyme dosage, and extraction time on collagen extraction were investigated by experiment.The hydroxyproline content of collagen was determined by the hydrogen peroxide method.The structure and properties of collagen were observed and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, circular dichroism, differential scanning calorimeter, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and scanning electron microscopy.Results showed that the yield of collagen was 4.2% when the scale of Inner Mongolia Yellow River carp was extracted for 48 h in 0.75 mol/L acetic acid solution with 15% pepsin.The analysis of the structure and properties of collagen showed that the content of hydroxyproline in collagen was 7.31%, and the molecular structure of collagen was complete, retaining the original spiral structure and curl folding and other higher conformations.The denaturation temperature of fish scale collagen was lower than that of bovine collagen, and the molecular weight was about 420 kDa.The microstructure of fish scale collagen was smoother than that of bovine collagen.The extraction process of collagen from carp scales in Inner Mongolia has important reference value for the application of collagen-based materials with high-temperature sensitivity and uniformity requirements.And it provides a new idea for the utilization and development of fishery resources in the Yellow River Basin of Inner Mongolia.
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