人参叶中含有较丰富的皂苷,但由于其带有多个糖基,口服后,难以直接吸收利用,部分在肠道内转化为C-K等稀有人参皂苷,利用率较低。该文利用黑曲霉g.848(Aspergillus niger g.848)菌所产的人参皂苷酶Ⅰ型,将人参叶二醇类皂苷转化制备为生理活性高、易吸收的稀有皂苷C-K。研究发现,人参叶中的皂苷含量14.3%,主要由Rg1、Re、Rf、Rb1、Rc、Rb2和Rd等皂苷组成。从500 g人参叶分离得到31.5 g二醇类Rb1(16.0%)、Rc(13.9%)、Rb2(14.3%)和Rd(55.8%)混合皂苷,得率为6.3%。以上述二醇类混合皂苷为底物,在最适条件下(50 ℃,pH 5.0)经酶转化,得到了纯度93%以上的11.7 g的C-K,理论摩尔得率为58.6%;从500 g叶中制备的C-K的质量得率为2.3%。该研究结果有助于人参叶皂苷的开发利用,提高其利用率。
Ginseng leaves are rich in saponins.These saponins have multiple sugar groups, making it difficult to absorb and utilize them directly after oral administration, and some of them are converted to rare ginsenosides such as C-K in the intestinal tract with a low utilization rate.In this paper, ginsenoside enzyme type Ⅰ produced by Aspergillus niger g.848 was used to transform ginseng leaf protopanaxadiol type ginsenosides (PPD-ginsenosides) into rare saponin C-K with high physiological activity and absorption.The ginseng leaves contained 14.3% saponins, mainly including Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rd.A mixture of 31.5 g PPD-ginsenosides containing Rb1 (16.0%), Rc (13.9%), Rb2 (14.3%), and Rd (55.8%) was isolated from 500 g ginseng leaves, with a yield of 6.3%.Under the optimal condition (50 ℃, pH 5.0), the mixture of 31.5 g PPD-ginsenosides was used as a substrate, obtaining 11.7 g C-K with purity over 93%, and a theoretical molar yield of 58.6%.The mass yield of C-K prepared from 500 g leaves was 2.3%.This study will contribute to the development and utilization of ginsenosides from ginseng leaves.
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