为探究不同溶剂提取方法对南极磷虾油品质的影响,该实验以总脂、磷脂酰胆碱(phosphatidylcholine, PC)、溶血磷脂酰胆碱(lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC)的提取率和二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid, DHA)含量为考察指标,并通过亲水作用色谱-串联质谱技术对提取的南极磷虾油中PC/LPC分子种组成进行检测分析,研究不同溶剂[95%乙醇、正己烷、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、异丙醇/正己烷(1∶1,体积比)、乙酸乙酯/正己烷(1∶1,体积比)、Folch溶剂(三氯甲烷/甲醇,2∶1,体积比)]对南极磷虾油品质的影响。结果表明:95%乙醇和异丙醇/正己烷提取南极磷虾油的效率较高,且EPA和DHA含量较高,两者合计分别为20.05%和20.42%,而采用正己烷和乙酸乙酯等溶剂提取南极磷虾油的效率较低,且EPA和DHA含量较低;95%乙醇、乙酸乙酯/正己烷和异丙醇/正己烷,对PC/LPC的提取效率较高,而乙酸乙酯、异丙醇和正己烷等溶剂的提取效率较低;正己烷、乙酸乙酯/正己烷和异丙醇中含有较高比例的PC 22∶6/22∶6、PC 20∶5/22∶6和PC 20∶5/20∶5;异丙醇/正己烷、Folch溶剂和95%乙醇提取的LPC中含有较高比例的PC 0∶0/20∶5和PC 0∶0/22∶6。综上所述,95%乙醇和异丙醇/正己烷对于EPA/DHA和PC等活性成分具有较好的富集作用,为提取南极磷虾油的最佳溶剂。
This study aimed to investigate the impact of different solvent extraction methods on the quality of Antarctic krill oil.The extraction efficiency of total lipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), as well as the levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were selected as the investigation parameters.Furthermore, the molecular species composition of PC/LPC in the extracted Antarctic krill oil was examined and analyzed using hydrophilic interaction chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technology.Consequently, the effects of various solvents, including 95% ethanol, n-hexane, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane (1∶1, v∶v), ethyl acetate/n-hexane (1∶1, v∶v), and Folch solvent (trichloroethane/methanol, 2∶1, v∶v), on the quality of Antarctic krill oil were examined.Results showed that 95% ethanol and isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane exhibited higher extraction efficiency, as well as higher EPA and DHA contents (20.05% and 20.42%, respectively).Conversely, the extraction efficiency and EPA/DHA levels were lower when n-hexane and ethyl acetate were employed.In addition, 95% ethanol, ethyl acetate/n-hexane, and isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane demonstrated greater extraction efficiency for PC/LPC, while the efficiency of ethyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, and n-hexane was comparatively lower.Furthermore, n-hexane, ethyl acetate/n-hexane, and isopropyl alcohol yielded higher proportions of PC 22∶6/22∶6, PC 20∶5/22∶6, and PC 20∶5/20∶5.Conversely, LPC extracted with isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane, Folch solvent, and 95% ethanol contained a higher proportion of PC 0∶0/20∶5 and PC 0∶0/22∶6.In conclusion, the results suggested that 95% ethanol and isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane exhibited notable enrichment effects on EPA/DHA and PC, making them the most suitable solvents for the extraction of Antarctic krill oil.
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